Chrysen Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSE BIS BEIGE KRISTALLE ODER PULVER
PHYSIKALISCHE GEFAHREN
Staubexplosion der pulverisierten oder granulierten Substanz in Gemischen mit Luft m?glich.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Die Substanz zersetzt sich beim Verbrennen unter Bildung von giftigen Rauchen. Reagiert sehr heftig mit starken Oxidationsmitteln.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV: Krebskategorie A3 (best?tigte krebserzeugende Wirkung beim Tier mit unbekannter Bedeutung für den Menschen); (ACGIH 2006).
MAK: Hautresorption (H); Krebserzeugend Kategorie 2 (DFG 2007).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den K?rper durch Inhalation des Aerosols, über die Haut und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Eine gesundheitssch?dliche Partikelkonzentration in der Luft kann schnell erreicht werden durch Dispergieren.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
M?glicherweise krebserzeugend für den Menschen.
LECKAGE
Pers?nliche Schutzausrüstung: Atemschutzger?t, P3-Filter für giftige Partikel. NICHT in die Umwelt gelangen lassen. Verschüttetes Material in abdichtbaren Beh?ltern sammeln; falls erforderlich durch Anfeuchten Staubentwicklung verhindern. Reste sorgf?ltig sammeln. An sicheren Ort bringen.
R-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
R45:Kann Krebs erzeugen.
R50/53:Sehr giftig für Wasserorganismen, kann in Gew?ssern l?ngerfristig sch?dliche Wirkungen haben.
R68:Irreversibler Schaden m?glich.
R40:Verdacht auf krebserzeugende Wirkung.
R67:D?mpfe k?nnen Schl?frigkeit und Benommenheit verursachen.
R66:Wiederholter Kontakt kann zu spr?der oder rissiger Haut führen.
R36:Reizt die Augen.
R11:Leichtentzündlich.
S-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
S53:Exposition vermeiden - vor Gebrauch besondere Anweisungen einholen.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn m?glich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S60:Dieses Produkt und sein Beh?lter sind als gef?hrlicher Abfall zu entsorgen.
S61:Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden. Besondere Anweisungen einholen/Sicherheitsdatenblatt zu Rate ziehen.
S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Chrysene is a combustible, white (when pure), red, or blue, fluorescent crystalline solid. Odorless. Chrysene 859 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are compounds containing multiple benzene rings and are also called polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Orthorhombic, bipyramidal plates from benzene exhibiting strong reddish-blue fluorescence under
UV light
Verwenden
Chrysene may be used as an analytical reference standard for the determination of the analyte in fish bile, air particulate extracts and food samples by various chromatography techniques.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
A crystalline solid. Denser than water and insoluble in water. The primary hazard is the threat to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit spread to the environment. Toxic by ingestion. Used to make other chemicals.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Insoluble in water.
Reaktivit?t anzeigen
Vigorous reactions, sometimes amounting to explosions, can result from the contact between aromatic hydrocarbons, such as Chrysene, and strong oxidizing agents. They can react exothermically with bases and with diazo compounds. Substitution at the benzene nucleus occurs by halogenation (acid catalyst), nitration, sulfonation, and the Friedel-Crafts reaction.
Hazard
Possible carcinogen.
Health Hazard
There is very little information published onthe acute toxicity of chrysene. The oral toxicity is expected to be low. Animal studies showsufficient evidence of carcinogenicity. It produced skin cancer in animals. Subcutaneousadministration of chrysene in mice causedtumors at the site of application. Cancer-causing evidence in humans is not known. Ahistidine reversion–Ames test for mutagenicity showed positive.
Brandgefahr
Some may burn but none ignite readily. Containers may explode when heated. Some may be transported hot.
Sicherheitsprofil
Confirmed carcinogen
with experimental carcinogenic,
neoplastigenic, and tumorigenic data by skin
contact. Human mutation data reported.
When heated to decomposition it emits
acrid smoke and fumes.
m?gliche Exposition
Almost never found by itself, chrysene is found in gasoline and diesel exhaust as well as in cigarette smoke; and in coal tar; coal tar pitch; creosote. It is used in organic synthesis.
Carcinogenicity
The IARC has determined that there is
limited evidence that chrysene is carcinogenic
to experimental animals.ACGIH has classified
chrysene as a confirmed animal carcinogen
with unknown relevance to humans; a numerical
threshold limit value (TLV) is not
recommended.
Environmental Fate
Biological. When chrysene was statically incubated in the dark at 25 °C with yeast extract and
settled domestic wastewater inoculum, significant biodegradation with varied adaptation rates was
observed. At concentrations of 5 and 10 mg/L, 59 and 38% biodegradation, respectively, were
observed after 28 d (Tabak et al., 1981).
Soil. The reported half-lives for chrysene in a Kidman sandy loam and McLaurin sandy loam
are 371 and 387 d, respectively (Park et al., 1990).
Surface Water. In a 5-m deep surface water body, the calculated half-lives for direct
photochemical transformation at 40 °N latitude, in the midsummer during midday were 13 h and
68 d with and without sediment-water partitioning, respectively (Zepp and Schlotzhauer, 1979).
Photolytic. Based on structurally related compounds, chrysene may undergo photolysis to yield
quinones (U.S. EPA, 1985) and/or hydroxy derivatives (Nielsen et al., 1983). The atmospheric
half-life was estimated to range from 0.802 to 8.02 h (Atkinson, 1987). Behymer and Hites (1985)
determined the effect of different substrates on the rate of photooxidation of chrysene using a
rotary photoreactor. The photolytic half-lives of chrysene using silica gel, alumina, and fly ash
were 100, 78, and 38 h, respectively.
Versand/Shipping
UN3077 Environmentally Hazardous substances, solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name Required.
l?uterung methode
Purify chrysene by chromatography on alumina from pet ether in a darkened room. Its solution in *C6H6 is passed through a column of decolorising charcoal, then crystallised by concentrating the eluate. It has also been purified by crystallising from *C6H6 or *C6H6/pet ether, and by zone refining. [Gorman et al. J Am Chem Soc 107 4404 1985]. It is freed from 5H-benzo[b]carbazole by dissolving it in N,N-dimethylformamide and successively adding small portions of alkali and iodomethane until the fluorescent colour of the carbazole anion no longer appears when alkali is added. The chrysene (and alkylated 5H-benzo[b]carbazole) separate on addition of water. Final purification is by crystallisation from ethylcyclohexane and/or from 2-methoxyethanol [Bender et al. Anal Chem 36 1011 1964]. It can be sublimed in a vacuum. [Beilstein 5 IV 2554.]
Inkompatibilit?ten
Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosion hazard
Waste disposal
Chrysene may be destroyed by permanganate oxidation, by high-temperature incinerator with scrubbing equipment; or by microwave plasma treatment.
Chrysen Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzol
Asphalt
Maleins?ureanhydrid
Polishing oil
1-Naphthalenecarboxaldehyde, 2-(2-formylphenyl)-
2-BROMOCHRYSENE
Benzene, 1,1'-(1E)-1,2-ethenediylbis[2-ethynyl-
1,2,3,4-TETRAHYDROCHRYSENE
1-(2-((4-Methoxyphenyl)ethynyl)phenyl)ethanone
2-ETHYNYLBENZALDEHYDE
8,9,10-Trinorborna-2,5-dien
2-Brombenzoylchlorid
1-Iodnaphthalin
2-(TRIMETHYLSILYL)PHENYL TRIFLUOROMETHANESULFONATE
Downstream Produkte
